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Standard Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
ASTM D629
WITHDRAWN 1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover procedures for the determination of the fiber blend composition of mixtures of the fibers listed in 1.2. Procedures for quantitative estimation of the amount of moisture and certain nonfibrous materials in textiles are also described, for use in the analysis of mixtures, but these are not the primary methods for the determination of moisture content for commercial weights.
1.2 These test methods cover procedures for the following fiber types:
1.2.1 Natural Fibers:
1.2.1.1 Cellulose-Base Fibers: Cotton Hemp Flax Ramie
1.2.1.2 Protein-Base Fibers: Animal hairs (other than wool) Silk, cultivated Silk, Tussah Wool
1.2.2 Man-Made Fibers:
1.2.2.1 Cellulose-Base Fibers: Acetate (secondary) Rayon, viscose or cuprammonium Triacetate
1.2.2.2 Synthetic-Base Fibers: Acrylic Aramid Modacrylic Nylon 6, Nylon 6-6, others Olefin Polyester Spandex
1.3 These test methods include the following sections and tables:
Section Referenced Documents 2 Terminology 3 Summary of Methods 4 Uses and Significance 5 Sampling 6 Purity of Reagents 7 Moisture Content or Moisture Regain 8 Nonfibrous Materials 9 Mechanical Separation or Dissection 10 Chemical Test Methods: Summary of Methods 11 Specimens and Symbols 12 No. 1 Acetate Mixed With Other Fibers 13 No. 2 Modacrylic Mixed With Cellulosic Fiber or Wool 14 No. 3 Nylon 6 or Nylon 6-6 Mixed With Natural Fibers or Rayon 15 No. 4 Rayon Mixed With Cotton 16 No. 5 Wool or Polyester Mixed With Cellulosic Fibers or Silk 17 No. 6 Polyester or Acrylic Mixed With Wool 18 No. 7 Natural Cellulosic Material and Rayon Mixed With Acrylic, Modacrylic, and Polyester 19 Referenced Documents 2 No. 8 Polyester Mixed With Olefin 20 No. 9 Polyester Mixed With Acetate or Nylon 6,6-6 21 No. 10 Acrylic Fiber or Linear Spandex Mixed With Nylon or Polyester 22 Microspical Analysis Scope 23 Summary of Method 24 Sampling 25 Apparatus 26 Procedure 27 Indexing Term 28 Table Chemical Methods for Analysis of Fiber Mixtures 1 Solubilities of Various Fibers in Solvents Used in Chemical Methods 2 Comparative Scale for Fineness of Various Textile Fibers 3 Fineness Ranges and Fiber Diameters of Various Textile Fibers 4 Specific Gravity of Various Textile Fibers 5
1.4 The analytical procedures described in the test methods are applicable to the fibers listed in 1.2. The test methods are not satisfactory for the separation of mixtures containing fibers that fall within the same generic class but differ somewhat, either physically or chemically, from each other. These test methods are not satisfactory for the determination of bicomponent fibers.
Note 1-For other methods of analysis covering specific determinations, refer to: Test Methods D461, Test Method D584, Methods D885, Test Method D1113, Test Method D1334, and Test Method D2130. Methods for moisture are covered in Methods D885, Test Method D1576, Test Method D2462, Test Method D2495 and Test Methods D2654. For the determination of commercial weight, refer to Test Method D2494.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ID: 801
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Publisher: ASTM
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Standard Test Method for Tearing Strength of Nonwoven Fabrics by the Trapezoid Procedure (Withdrawn 2008)
ASTM D5733
WITHDRAWN 1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the tearing strength of nonwoven fabrics by the trapezoid procedure using a recording constant-rate-of-extension (CRE) tensile testing machine.
1.1.1 The CRE-type tensile testing machine has become the preferred test apparatus for determining trapezoid tearing strength. It is recognized that some constant-rate-of-traverse (CRT) tensile testing machines continue to be used. As a consequence, these test instruments may be used when agreed upon between the purchaser and the supplier. The conditions for the CRT-type tensile tester as used with this test are included in Appendix X1.
1.2 This test method applies to most nonwoven fabrics including those that are treated or untreated, heavily sized, coated, or resin-treated. This test method may not be useful for highloft nonwoven fabrics.
1.3 Trapezoid tear strength as measured in this test method is the maximum tearing force required to continue or propagate a tear started previously in the specimen. The reported value is not directly related to the force required to initiate or start a tear.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses may be approximate.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ID: 802
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Publisher: ASTM
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Standard Test Method for Field Determination of Apparent Specific Gravity of Rock and Manmade Materials for Erosion Control
ASTM D5779 - 08
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the specific gravity of rock or man-made materials for erosion control.
1.2 This is a field test method to measure apparent specific gravity. For laboratory determination of bulk specific gravity see Test Method D 6473.
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units in parentheses are given for information only.
1.4 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D 6026.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ID: 803
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Publisher: ASTM
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Eurocode 7. Geotechnical design. Ground investigation and testing
BS EN 1997-2:2007
BS EN 1997-2:2007 gives guidance for the planning and interpretation of geotechnical laboratory and field tests that are used for the support of geotechnical design of buildings and civil engineering works. The standard is intended to be used in conjunction with BS EN 1997-1:2004 and is intended to be used by: Clients; Designers; Geotechnical laboratories; Field testing laboratories; Public authorities. BS EN 1997-2 covers the following topics: Planning of ground investigations; Soil and rock sampling and groundwater measurements; Field tests in soil and rock; Laboratory tests on soil and rock.
Cross References: EN 1990:2002, EN 1997-1:2004, EN ISO 14688-1, EN ISO 14688-2, EN ISO 14689-1, EN ISO 22475-1, EN ISO 22476-1, EN ISO 22476-2, EN ISO 22476-3, EN ISO 22476-4, EN ISO 22476-5, EN ISO 22476-6, EN ISO 22476-8, EN ISO 22476-9, EN ISO 22476-12, EN ISO 22476-13, BS 1377-1:1990, BS 1377-2:1990, BS 1377-3:1990, BS 1377-4:1990, BS 1377-5:1990, BS 1377-6:1990, BS 1377-7:1990, BS 1377-8:1990
ID: 800
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Publisher: BSI
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NCHRP Report #529 Guideline and Recommended Standard for Geofoam Applications in Highway Embankments
NCHRP Report #529
TRB National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 529: Guideline and Recommended Standard for Geofoam Applications in Highway Embankments includes a design guideline and recommended standard for geofoam applications in the design and construction of highway embankments.
ID: 799
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Publisher: Transportation Research Board ( TRB )
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The design and construction of reinforced soils and fills
SANS 207:2006
Gives recommendations for the application of reinforcement techniques to soils and other fills. Also gives design guidelines for the reinforcement of soils.
ID: 798
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Publisher: SANS
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Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Flexing and Abrasion Method)
D3885-07
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the abrasion resistance of woven or nonwoven textile fabrics using the flexing and abrasion tester.
1.2 This test method applies to most woven and nonwoven fabrics providing they do not stretch excessively. It is not applicable to floor coverings.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the standard. Within the text, the inch-pound units are shown in parentheses. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with this test method.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1
For other test methods for abrasion resistance of textiles refer to Test Methods D 3884, D 3886, D 4157, D 4158, D 4966, and AATCC93.
ID: 795
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Publisher: ASTM
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